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Working
Horses in Forestry: Certain situations are particularly suited to
working with horses, such as:
A
horse can work selectively in a stand of trees, reducing the need to line-thin
in order to make room for mechanised extraction equipment. This factor
can reduce wind-blow in certain stands of trees.
Horses
can be used economically for short hauls (generally around 300m) to extract
timber to the landing or rack side. They can complement machinery on certain
sites.
First
and second thinnings, often extracted in full pole length (using chain
harness), or in bunches cross-cut to 3-6m size (using a shafted implement).
Small
and final felling and late thinning where forwarder transport costs can
be unreasonably high.
Taking
out seed trees in a tall, advanced natural regeneration stand.
Sites
of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and other environmentally sensitive
sites, where the impact on flora and fauna must be kept to a minimum.
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Where
minimal ground disturbance is essential, where large machinery and skylines
are environmentally intrusive, where noise must be kept to a minimum,
or for appearance.
In
small parcels of woodland where the transportation of heavy machinery
to and from the site is un-economic.
For
wind-blow sites or timber which is difficult to reach.
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Horse
Extraction: The Scandinavians have led the way in developing modern
equipment for extraction with horses. A good choice of implements have
been produced and some are well suited to the varying British forestry
conditions.
Horse
extraction uses horses with either chains or specialist equipment (sledges,
arches or trailers) to extract timber to the rack side or landing.
Snigging Extracting timber by dragging it
along the ground, usually from stump to ride side, where it can be converted
and forwarded to the road side.
Skidding Extracting timber by lifting one end
and dragging it along the ground, usually from stump to ride side ,where
it can be converted and forwarded to the road side.
Forwarding Extracting the felled produce
and taking it to the road side.
Forwarding trailers Carry bulk loads of
timber clear of the ground on wheeled trailer units, usually incorporating
a hydraulic grapple for self-load.
Purpose-built forwarder Combined tractor
and trailer unit with loader/grab, which can operate in the stand if
the racks are wide enough and extract to the landing.
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